Improvement in machinery for making paper



UNITED STATES PATENT CEEICE- JAMES HARPER, OF EAST HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING PAPER.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 34,633, dated March 11,1862.

l the wire-cloth from which the paper is couched and the roller whichcarries it, and also the same end of the couching-felt and the rollerover which it passes.

This invention relates to certain im rove'- ments in what is known asthe Four rinier machine, and these improvements are intended to obviatea difculty in couching from a wire-cloth by directcontact of an endlessfelt. They consist in, rst, the combination with the Fourdrinierwire-cloth and with an endless felt so arranged as to couch the papertherefrom by direct contact with the said wire-cloth, of a perforatedcylinder to carry the said'wire-cloth, the parts being so arranged withreference to each other that the wire-cloth and couching-felt are bothsupported directly at their point of contact by the cylinders over whicheach is carried, or, in other words, the paper is couched at a pointwhere the wire-cloth bears directly upon the perforated cylinder abovementioned; second, the combination, with a couchin g-felt and Fourdrinier apron when these two are so combined that the paper is couched bythe direct contact of these two parts, of a beater arranged in the manerdescribed with reference to the other parts for cleaning the felt, ashereinafter set forth.

A represents the frame of a Fourdrinier pa per-makin g machine; B, theendless wire-cloth apron. e,

F is the front, and E the back roller, of the apron B.

The above parts, except the roller E, may be of nearly the usualconstruction, and therefore do not require a minute description.

C are the decklc-straps, and D the trough from which the pulp flows onthe apron B.

G represents an endless blanket of felt for receiving the paper from thewire-cloth. This blanket passes around a roller l-I, which is placedover the roller E, of the endless wirecloth apron B, and so arrangedwith reference to it as to bring the felt and the wirecloth in contactwhere each bears directly upon its own carrying-cylinder, so that eachis thereby directly supported by its said cylyinder against the pressureit receives from `the other. The blanket G passes over suitableguide-rollers I at the upper part of the frame A and betweenpressure-rollers J J near the peint where it delivers the paper to thefelt, which receives it therefrom and 4passes it to the drying-rollers.The roller H of the blanket G is placed in the frame K, which islconnected by joints a to the frame A, the

joints d admitting of the weight of the roller Hand its frame K restingon the roller E of the apron B. A smallroller will be observedIimmediately at the right hand of the roller- H and bearing upon theblanket G. The object of this roller is to give steadiness to theblanket and also to increase the surface of vcon-tact between theblanket and the wire apron B. For this purpose it should be placedsomewhat lower than it is represented in the drawings. It will beobserved, further, that the couching-felt G and the wire apron B are soarranged in connection with the receiving-felt, which takes the paperfrom the coucher G, and with each other that the couching-felt extendsback over the apron B and is met by the receiving-felt, to which thepaper is transferred to be passed onto the driers at .that end of theapron B at which the pulp is introduced, and that immediately at theright hand of the pulp-box a beater N is so arranged in connection withthe felt as to clean it, with aid of jets of water appliedl at thatpoint, as it is being returned back to the point at which the paper iscouched. This arrangement of the beater in connection with the otherparts is important, as it is indispensable to success that thecouching-felt should constantly be cleaned while in use.

The operation of the machine is as follows: The endless wire apron Bmoves in the direction indicated by the arrow 1, and the blan-s ket Gmoves in the direction of the arrow 2. The pulp M iows on the apron Bfrom the trough D, and may be subjected to the usual Suction in passingover vacuum-boxes L. The

. draft through these boxes need not, however,

Vordinary heating-cylinders. The roller E has -a wire-cloth orperforated periphery to allow the superabundant water to escape at thepoint where the paper is couched, and by this means the paper is takenfrom the-apron B in a drier state than would otherwise be the case, thevery light pressure requisite for couching thepaper by this arrangemental- 'lowing the perforated cylinder to be used.

The ordinary plan is to have the paper pass between pressure-rollers atthe point of discharge from the apron, and this involves the necessityof having rollers with solid peripheries and covered with felt in orderto prevent the paper from being forced through they meshes of the apronand adhering to it, and even with this precaution the apron is injuredby the pressure and is much sooner Worn out than when used with myimprovements. By my improvements this difticulty is obviated, as onlysuflicient pressure is necessary to enable the blanket to take up thepaper from the apron. The paper, in passing between the rollers J J, maybe subjected to any requisite degree of pressure, as the blanket Gcannot of course be injured thereby.

I am aware that an endless blanket or couching-felt has been made totake the paper from a forming-cylinder by direct contact, and thecouching of paper by direct contact is not per se or in itselt`therefore new. This combination of the cylinder with the couchingfelt byno means realizes the purposes of my invention, and is thereforeentirelyl different in its results and consequent merits.

I am aware that in the English patent of Leger Didot, May 22, 1817, aneffort has been made to combine the couching-felt and the Fourdrinierapronin such a manneras to couch by direct contact of the two, butin-Which the essential improvements claimed by me were not introduced orembodied.

It will be obvious to paper-makers that the cleaning of thecoaching-felt is an important consideration, and unless it can be soarranged and combined with beaters as to prevent its becoming foul themachine must soon be stopped to clean it. v I have so constructed andarranged my machine that, While' I combine the coaching-felt with thewirecloth in such a manner as to couch by direct contact, I also combinewith the felt a beater for` cleaning it; or, in other words, I combinethe Fourdrinier apron, the endless felt couching from it by directcontact, and the beater for cleaning the said felt in one and the samemachine and combination.

Having thus fully described my invention and set forth itscharacteristic features of `novelty andutility, I claim l. Thecombination, with the Fourdrinier- `wire-cloth apron B, and thecoaching-felt G,

so arranged as to couch the paper from the wire-cloth by direct contact,of the perforated cylinder E, when these parts are so arranged that thecylinders E and H support the wireclot-h B and and the couching-felt G,respectively, directly opposite their point of contact with each other,substantially as set4 forth.

2. The combination, with each lother when arranged as above described,of the Fourdri-l nier wire-cloth B, coaching-felt G, and beater N,substantially as set forth.

.I AMES HARPER.

Witnesses:

FREDERICK S. PARKER, JOSEPH PARKER.

